Study Description

Study Design

Groups and Cohorts

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. Progression-Free Survival (PFS) Based on Blinded Independent Central Review (BICR) Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   PFS was defined as the time from randomization to the date of the first documentation of progressive disease as assessed by the independent radiologist or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first. PFS (in months) was calculated as (date of event or censoring-randomization+1)/30.4375. Progressive disease is defined per RECIST version 1.1, as at least a 20% increase (including an absolute increase of at least 5 mm) in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the smallest sum of the longest dimensions recorded since the treatment started, or the appearance of 1 or more new lesions.

Secondary Outcome Measures

1. Overall Survival (OS) [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   OS was defined as the time from randomization to the date of death due to any cause. OS (in months) was calculated as (date of death or censoring - start date +1)/30.4375. Participants last known to be alive were censored at date of last contact.
2. Progression-Free Survival (PFS) Based on Investigator's Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   PFS was defined as the time from randomization to the date of the first documentation of progressive disease as assessed by investigator or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first. PFS (in months) was calculated as (date of event or censoring-randomization+1)/30.4375. Progressive disease is defined per RECIST version 1.1, as at least a 20% increase (including an absolute increase of at least 5 mm) in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the smallest sum of the longest dimensions recorded since the treatment started, or the appearance of 1 or more new lesions.
3. Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Percentage of Participants With Objective Response (OR) Based on BICR Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   ORR was the percentage of participants with objective response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) according to RECIST version 1.1 recorded from randomization until disease progression or start of new anti-cancer therapy. CR was defined as complete disappearance of all target lesions and non-target disease. All nodes, both target and non-target, must decrease to normal (short axis <10 mm). PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the baseline sum longest dimensions.
4. Objective Response Rate (ORR) - Percentage of Participants With Objective Response (OR) Based on Investigator's Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   ORR was the percentage of participants with objective response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) according to RECIST version 1.1 recorded from randomization until disease progression or start of new anti-cancer therapy. CR was defined as complete disappearance of all target lesions and non-target disease. All nodes, both target and non-target, must decrease to normal (short axis <10 mm). PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the baseline sum longest dimensions.
5. Intracranial Objective Response Rate (IC-ORR) - Percentage of Participants With Intracranial Objective Response (IC-OR) Based on BICR Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   IC-ORR was the percentage of participant with intracranial objective response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) based on intracranial disease in the subset of participants with at least 1 intracranial lesion per RECIST version 1.1 (modified) recorded from randomization until disease progression or start of new anti-cancer therapy. CR was defined as complete disappearance of all target lesions and non-target disease. All nodes, both target and non-target, must decrease to normal (short axis <10 mm). PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the baseline sum longest dimensions.
6. Intracranial Time to Progression (IC-TTP) Based on BICR Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   IC-TTP based on BICR assessment was defined as the time from date of randomization to the date of the first documentation of progression of intracranial disease, based on either new brain metastases or progression of existing brain metastases.
7. Duration of Response (DR) Based on BICR Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   DR was defined, for participants with a confirmed objective response (OR) of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) per RECIST version 1.1, as the time from the first documentation of OR to the first documentation of progressive disease (PD) or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first. CR was defined as complete disappearance of all target lesions and non-target disease. All nodes, both target and non-target, must decrease to normal (short axis <10 mm). PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the baseline sum longest dimensions. PD was defined as at least a 20% increase (including an absolute increase of at least 5 mm) in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the smallest sum of the longest dimensions recorded since the treatment started, or the appearance of 1 or more new lesions.
8. Intracranial Duration of Response (IC-DR) Based on BICR Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   IC-DR was defined, for participants with a confirmed intracranial objective response (OR) of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) per RECIST version 1.1, as the time from the first documentation of intracranial OR to the first documentation of intracranial progressive disease (PD) or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first. CR was defined as complete disappearance of all target lesions and non-target disease. All nodes, both target and non-target, must decrease to normal (short axis <10 mm). PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the baseline sum longest dimensions. PD was defined as at least a 20% increase (including an absolute increase of at least 5 mm) in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the smallest sum of the longest dimensions recorded since the treatment started, or the appearance of 1 or more new lesions.
9. Time to Tumor Response (TTR) Based on BICR Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
   TTR based on BICR assessment was defined, for participants with a confirmed objective response, as the time from the date of randomization to the first documentation of objective response (complete response or partial response) which was subsequently confirmed. Complete response was defined as complete disappearance of all target lesions and non-target disease. All nodes, both target and non-target, must decrease to normal (short axis <10 mm). Partial response was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the baseline sum longest dimensions.
10. Intracranial Time to Tumor Response (IC-TTR) Based on BICR Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
    IC-TTR was defined, for participants with a confirmed intracranial objective response, as the time from the date of randomization to the first documentation of intracranial objective response (complete response or partial response) which was subsequently confirmed. Complete response was defined as complete disappearance of all target lesions and non-target disease. All nodes, both target and non-target, must decrease to normal (short axis <10 mm). Partial response was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the baseline sum longest dimensions.
11. PFS2 Based on Investigator's Assessment [From time of Study Start up to 45 months]
    PFS2 was defined as the time from randomization to the date of progression of disease on first subsequent systemic anti-cancer therapy, or death from any cause, whichever occurred first
12. Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (AEs; All-Causality and Treatment-Related) [From time of Study Start up to 33 months]
    An AE was an untoward medical occurrence in a participant who received study treatment without regard to possibility of causal relationship. Serious adverse event (SAE) was an AE resulting in any of the following outcomes: death, life-threatening experience, initial or prolonged inpatient hospitalization, persistent or significant disability/incapacity, congenital anomaly/birth defect. Treatment-emergent AEs were those with initial onset or that worsen in severity after the first dose of study medication. All AEs in the table below were treatment-emergent AEs. Grade 3 and 4 AEs in the table below indicated severe AE and life-threatening consequences respectively; Grade 5 indicated death due to AE. Treatment-related AEs were determined by investigators.
13. Number of Participants With Changes in Hematology Laboratory Parameters From Baseline Maximum NCI-CTCAE Grade Lower Than 3 to Postbaseline Maximum Grade 3 or Grade 4 [From Baseline up to 33 months]
    Laboratory test results were graded according to National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 4.03. The CTCAE displays Grades 1 through 5 with unique clinical descriptions of severity for each AE based on this general guideline: Grades 1 and 2 indicate mild and moderate AE, respectively; Grades 3 and 4 indicate severe AE and life-threatening consequences respectively; Grade 5 indicates death due to AE. Participants with laboratory test abnormalities were summarized according to the worst grade for each laboratory test result. All participants meeting the postbaseline grade criteria in the table below had baseline maximum grades lower than 3.
14. Number of Participants With Changes in Chemistry Laboratory Parameters From Baseline Maximum NCI-CTCAE Grade Lower Than 3 to Postbaseline Maximum Grade 3 or Grade 4 [From Baseline up to 33 months]
    Laboratory test results were graded according to National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 4.03. The CTCAE displays Grades 1 through 5 with unique clinical descriptions of severity for each AE based on this general guideline: Grades 1 and 2 indicate mild and moderate AE, respectively; Grades 3 and 4 indicate severe AE and life-threatening consequences respectively; Grade 5 indicates death due to AE. Participants with laboratory test abnormalities were summarized according to the worst grade for each laboratory test result. All participants meeting the postbaseline grade criteria in the table below had baseline maximum grades lower than 3.
15. Number of Participants With Changes in Lipid Laboratory Parameters From Baseline Maximum NCI-CTCAE Grade Lower Than 3 to Postbaseline Maximum Grade 3 or Grade 4 [From Baseline up to 33 months]
    Laboratory test results were graded according to National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 4.03. The CTCAE displays Grades 1 through 5 with unique clinical descriptions of severity for each AE based on this general guideline: Grades 1 and 2 indicate mild and moderate AE, respectively; Grades 3 and 4 indicate severe AE and life-threatening consequences respectively; Grade 5 indicates death due to AE. Participants with laboratory test abnormalities were summarized according to the worst grade for each laboratory test result. All participants meeting the postbaseline grade criteria in the table below had baseline maximum grades lower than 3.
16. Number of Participant With Vital Signs and Body Weight Data Meeting Pre-defined Criteria [From Baseline up to 33 months]
    Vital signs data included pulse, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Measurements were only provided once per timepoint. If multiple assessments were provided per timepoint, the maximum value were used for reporting. The pre-defined criteria of vital sign and body weight data were as follows: maximum pulse rate >120 beats per minute (bpm); minimum pulse rate <50 bpm; maximum increase in pulse rate ≥30 bpm; maximum decrease in pulse rate ≥30 bpm; increase in systolic blood Pressure ≥40 mmHg; decrease in systolic blood pressure ≥40 mmHg; decrease in systolic blood pressure ≥60 mmHg; increase in diastolic blood pressure ≥20 mmHg; decrease in diastolic blood pressure ≥20 mmHg; decrease in diastolic blood pressure ≥40 mmHg; increase in body weight ≥10%; increase in body weight ≥20%; decrease in body weight ≥10%.
17. Number of Participant With Maximum Increase From Baseline in Electrocardiogram (ECG) Data Meeting Pre-defined Criteria [From Baseline up to 33 months]
    Baseline was defined as the last assessment performed on or prior to date of the first dose of study treatment. Triplicate ECGs were collected in the study and the average of the replicate assessments were used for summary analysis. The pre-defined criteria of ECG data were as follows: change from baseline in QTcF ≥60 msec, ≥30 msec but <60 msec, <30 msec; change from baseline in QTcB ≥60 msec, ≥30 msec but <60 msec, <30 msec; PR change ≥50% if absolute baseline value was <200 msec; PR change ≥25% if absolute baseline value was ≥200 msec; QRS change ≥50% if absolute baseline value was <100 msec; QRS change ≥25% if absolute baseline value was ≥100 msec.
18. Number of Participants With Maximum Decrease From Baseline Greater Than or Equal to 20 Points in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) Percentage [From Baseline up to 33 months]
    In this outcome measure, baseline was defined as the last assessment on or prior to the date of the first dose of study treatment. Decrease from baseline was an absolute difference between baseline and observed value.
19. Change From Baseline in Total Scores of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II (Mood Assessment) Across Time [Baseline, Cycle 2 Day 1 (C2D1), C3D1, C4D1, C5D1, C6D1, C8D1, C10D1, C12D1, C14D1, C16D1, C18D1, C20D1, C22D1, C24D1, C26D1, C28D1, C30D1, C32D1, C34D1, C36D1, C38D1 and End of Treatment]
    BDI-II (Mood Assessment) is a 21 item self-reported scale, with each item rated by participants on a 4-point scale (ranging from 0-3). The scale includes items capturing mood, (loss of pleasure, sadness, and irritability), suicidal ideation, and cognitive signs (punitive thoughts, self-criticism, self-dislike pessimism, poor concentration) as well as somatic signs (appetite, sleep, fatigue, libido). Scores were obtained by adding up the total points from the series of answers. The total score ranged from 0 to 63, with higher total scores indicating more severe depressive symptoms. The standardized cutoffs are as follows: 0-13: minimal depression; 14-19: mild depression; 20-28: moderate depression; 29-63: severe depression.
20. Number of Participants With Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Behavior Across Time [Baseline, Cycle 2 Day 1 (C2D1), C3D1, C4D1, C5D1, C6D1, C8D1, C10D1, C12D1, C14D1, C16D1, C18D1, C20D1, C22D1, C24D1, C26D1, C28D1, C30D1, C32D1, C34D1, C36D1, C38D1 and End of Treatment]
    Suicidal ideation and behaviors were assessed by the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). The C-SSRS is a unique, simple and short method of assessing both behavior and ideation that tracks all suicidal events and provides a summary of suicidality. It assesses the lethality of attempts and other features of ideation (frequency, duration, controllability, reasons for ideation, and deterrents), all of which are significantly predictive of completed suicide.
21. Change From Baseline in Global Quality of Life (QOL), Functional Scales and Symptoms Scales as Assessed by the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC-QLQ-C30) During Overall Treatment [From Baseline up to Cycle 38 Day 1]
    The EORTC QLQ C30 consists of 30 questions and includes 5 functional scales (physical, role, cognitive, emotional, and social); a global health status/global quality of life scale; 3 symptom scales (fatigue, pain, nausea and vomiting); and 6 single items that assess additional symptoms (dyspnea, appetite loss, sleep disturbance, constipation, and diarrhea) and financial impact. All scales and single item measures range in score from 0 to 100. Higher scores on the functional scales represent higher levels of functioning. Higher scores on the global health status/quality of life scale represent higher health status/quality of life. Higher scores on symptom scales/items represent a greater presence of symptoms.
22. Change From Baseline in Lung Cancer Symptoms as Assessed by the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer 13 (QLQ- LC13) During Overall Treatment [From Baseline up to Cycle 38 Day 1]
    The EORTC QLQ LC13 consists of 13 questions and includes 1 multi-item scale and 9 single items assessing symptoms (dyspnea, cough, haemoptysis, and site-specific pain), side effects (sore mouth, dysphagia, peripheral neuropathy, and alopecia), and pain medication use. The scale scores rang from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher ("worse") level of symptoms.
23. Change From Baseline in Health Status as Assessed by EuroQol 5 Dimension 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) - Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Across Time [Baseline, Day 1 of all cycles from Cycle 2 to Cycle 38, and End of Treatment]
    The EuroQol EQ-5D-5L is a participant-completed questionnaire designed to assess health status. There are 2 components to the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L: a descriptive system in which individuals rate their level of problems (none, slight, moderate, severe, extreme/unable) in 5 areas (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) and a VAS. The VAS component rates current health state on a scale from 0 (worst imaginable health state) to 100 (best imaginable health state) and higher scores indicate better health state.
24. Change From Baseline in Health Status as Assessed by EuroQol 5 Dimension 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) - Index Across Time [Baseline, Day 1 of all cycles from Cycle 2 to Cycle 38, and End of Treatment]
    The EuroQol EQ-5D-5L is a participant-completed questionnaire designed to assess health status. There are 2 components to the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L: a descriptive system in which individuals rate their level of problems (none, slight, moderate, severe, extreme/unable) in 5 areas (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) and a VAS in which participants rate their overall health status from 0 (worst imaginable) to 100 (best imaginable). EQ-5D summary index is obtained with a formula that weights each level of the 5 dimensions. The index-based score is interpreted along a continuum of 0 (death) to 1 (perfect health).
25. Time to Deterioration (TTD) in Participant Reported Pain in Chest, Dyspnea, or Cough From QLQ-LC13 [From Baseline up to 33 months]
    The EORTC QLQ LC13 consists of 13 questions and includes 1 multi-item scale and 9 single items assessing symptoms (dyspnea, cough, haemoptysis, and site-specific pain), side effects (sore mouth, dysphagia, peripheral neuropathy, and alopecia), and pain medication use. The scale scores rang from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher ("worse") level of symptoms. TTD in pain in chest, dyspnea, or cough was defined as the time from randomization to the first time the participant's score showed a 10 point or greater increase after baseline in any of the 3 symptoms. TTD in months was calculated as (date of deterioration or censoring - randomization date +1)/30.4375.
26. Number of Participant With ALK Domain Mutation in Plasma Circulating Nucleic Acid (CNA) Analysis at Screening, Cycle 2 Day 1 and Cycle 7 Day 1 [at Screening, Cycle 2 Day 1 and Cycle 7 Day 1]
    The analysis of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) domain mutation in plasma CNA was performed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and the number of participants with one or more ALK mutations at Screening, Cycle 2 Day 1 and Cycle 7 Day 1 is presented here.
27. Number of Participant With ALK Fusion Variant in Plasma Circulating Nucleic Acid (CNA) Analysis at Screening, Cycle 2 Day 1 and Cycle 7 Day 1 [at Screening, Cycle 2 Day 1 and Cycle 7 Day 1]
    The analysis of ALK fusion variant in plasma CNA was performed by NGS and the number of participants with fusion variants at Screening, Cycle 2 Day 1 and Cycle 7 Day 1 is presented here. In the table below, EML4-ALK is the abbreviation of echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 anaplastic lymphoma kinase.

Eligibility Criteria

Contacts and Locations

Study Documents (Full Text)

• Documents Provided by Pfizer: Study Protocol October 4, 2019
• Documents Provided by Pfizer: Statistical Analysis Plan May 26, 2020

More Information

Additional Information

• To obtain contact information for a study center near you, click here.

Publications

• Solomon BJ, Bauer TM, Ignatius Ou SH, Liu G, Hayashi H, Bearz A, Penkov K, Wu YL, Arrieta O, Jassem J, Calella AM, Peltz G, Polli A, Thurm H, Mok T. Post Hoc Analysis of Lorlatinib Intracranial Efficacy and Safety in Patients With ALK-Positive Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer From the Phase III CROWN Study. J Clin Oncol. 2022 Nov 1;40(31):3593-3602. doi: 10.1200/JCO.21.02278. Epub 2022 May 23.

• Solomon BJ, Bauer TM, de Marinis F, Felip E, Goto Y, Liu G, Mazieres J, Kim DW, Mok T, Polli A, Thurm H, Calella AM, Peltz G, Shaw AT. Plain language summary of the CROWN study comparing lorlatinib with crizotinib for people with untreated non-small cell lung cancer. Future Oncol. 2021 Dec 1;17(34):4649-4656. doi: 10.2217/fon-2021-0904. Epub 2021 Sep 29.

• Shaw AT, Bauer TM, de Marinis F, Felip E, Goto Y, Liu G, Mazieres J, Kim DW, Mok T, Polli A, Thurm H, Calella AM, Peltz G, Solomon BJ; CROWN Trial Investigators. First-Line Lorlatinib or Crizotinib in Advanced ALK-Positive Lung Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020 Nov 19;383(21):2018-2029. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2027187.

• Shaw AT, Felip E, Bauer TM, Besse B, Navarro A, Postel-Vinay S, Gainor JF, Johnson M, Dietrich J, James LP, Clancy JS, Chen J, Martini JF, Abbattista A, Solomon BJ. Lorlatinib in non-small-cell lung cancer with ALK or ROS1 rearrangement: an international, multicentre, open-label, single-arm first-in-man phase 1 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2017 Dec;18(12):1590-1599. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30680-0. Epub 2017 Oct 23.

• Gainor JF, Shaw AT. J-ALEX: alectinib versus crizotinib in ALK-positive lung cancer. Lancet. 2017 Jul 1;390(10089):3-4. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31074-7. Epub 2017 May 10. No abstract available.

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

• Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
• Carcinoma, Bronchogenic
• Bronchial Neoplasms
• Lung Neoplasms
• Respiratory Tract Neoplasms
• Thoracic Neoplasms
• Neoplasms by Site
• Neoplasms
• Lung Diseases
• Respiratory Tract Diseases