Adult Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Suspected Acute Venous Thromboembolic Disease

Publication Date: May 1, 2018
Last Updated: March 14, 2022

Recommendations

For patients who are at low risk for acute PE, use the Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria (PERC) to exclude the diagnosis without further diagnostic testing. (B)
334012
In patients older than 50 years deemed to be low or intermediate risk for acute PE, clinicians may use a negative age-adjusted D-dimer* result to exclude the diagnosis of PE. *For highly sensitive D-dimer assays using fibrin equivalent units (FEU) use a cutoff of age×10 μg/L; for highly sensitive D-dimer assays using D-dimer units (DDU), use a cutoff of age×5 μg/L. (B)
334012
Given the lack of evidence, anticoagulation treatment decisions for patients with subsegmental PE without associated deep venous thrombosis (DVT) should be guided by individual patient risk profiles and preferences. (C)
[Consensus recommendation]
334012
Selected patients with acute PE who are at low risk for adverse outcomes as determined by Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI), simplified PESI (sPESI), or the Hestia criteria may be safely discharged from the ED on anticoagulation, with close outpatient follow-up. (C)
334012

Treatment

In selected patients diagnosed with acute DVT, a NOAC may be used as a safe and effective treatment alternative to low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and vitamin K antagonist (VKA). (B)
334012
Selected patients with acute DVT may be safely treated with a Non–Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant (NOAC) and directly discharged from the ED. (C)
334012

Recommendation Grading

Overview

Title

Adult Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Suspected Acute Venous Thromboembolic Disease

Authoring Organization

American College of Emergency Physicians

Publication Month/Year

May 1, 2018

Last Updated Month/Year

January 22, 2024

Supplemental Implementation Tools

Document Type

Guideline

External Publication Status

Published

Country of Publication

US

Document Objectives

This clinical policy from the American College of Emergency Physicians addresses key issues in the evaluation and management of adult patients with suspected venous thromboembolism.

Target Patient Population

Patients with suspected venous thromboembolism

Inclusion Criteria

Female, Male, Adolescent, Adult, Older adult

Health Care Settings

Emergency care

Intended Users

Paramedic emt, nurse, nurse practitioner, physician, physician assistant

Scope

Assessment and screening, Management, Treatment

Diseases/Conditions (MeSH)

D054556 - Venous Thromboembolism, D000925 - Anticoagulants, D013923 - Thromboembolism

Keywords

anticoagulation, Venous Thromboembolism, management of venous thromboembolism, venous thromboembolic event (VTE), Anticoagulation

Source Citation

Ann Emerg Med. 2018;71:e59-e109

Methodology

Number of Source Documents
103
Literature Search Start Date
January 1, 2006
Literature Search End Date
April 22, 2016