Title

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Nutrition Management

Authoring Organization

Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Publication Month/Year

February 18, 2020

Last Updated Month/Year

December 18, 2024

Document Type

Guideline

External Publication Status

Published

Country of Publication

US

Document Objectives

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder in which patients are at high risk for both pulmonary and systemic complications of their disease. Medical nutrition therapy by a registered dietitian nutritionist can be an integral component of lifestyle treatment targeted at maintaining and improving outcomes, such as lung function, mortality, and quality of life. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (Academy) convened an expert workgroup to conduct a systematic review to update the COPD Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guideline. This publication outlines the Academy’s Evidence Analysis Library methods used to complete the systematic review and guideline and examines the recommendations and supporting evidence.

Target Patient Population

Patients with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

PICO Questions

  1. What is the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) as part of a multidisciplinary program on body weight, quality of life (QOL), and exercise capacity outcomes in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  2. What is the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) as part of a multidisciplinary program on body composition and lung function outcomes in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  3. What is the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) as part of a multidisciplinary program on functional status, exacerbations, systemic inflammation, respiratory symptoms, hospital costs, and admissions outcomes in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  4. What is the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) on outcomes in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  5. If measurements are not available, what are the best methods to predict energy needs in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  6. What is the best method to estimate protein needs in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  7. What association exists between energy intake (eg, kcal/kg) and outcomes in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  8. What association exists between carbohydrate intake (eg, g/kg) and outcomes in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  9. What association exists between protein intake (eg, g/kg) and outcomes in adults with COPD?

  10. What association exists between fat intake (eg, g/kg) and outcomes in adults with COPD?

  11. Does the macronutrient composition (% distribution) of the diet have an effect on outcomes in adults with COPD?

  12. What effect does body weight have on mortality outcomes in adults with COPD?

  13. What effect does body weight have on lung function outcomes in adults with COPD?

  14. What effect does body composition have on mortality outcomes in adults with COPD?

  15. What effect does body composition have on lung function outcomes in adults with COPD?

  16. Does vitamin D supplementation improve lung function and exacerbation outcomes in adults with COPD?

  17. Does vitamin D supplementation improve mortality outcomes in adults with COPD?

  18. What associations exist between serum 25(OH)D levels and mortality, lung function, and exacerbation outcomes in adults with COPD?

Inclusion Criteria

Male, Female, Adult, Older adult

Health Care Settings

Ambulatory, Emergency care, Hospital, Outpatient

Intended Users

Dietician nutritionist, nurse, nurse practitioner, physician, physician assistant

Scope

Management

Diseases/Conditions (MeSH)

D029424 - Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Keywords

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), medical nutrition therapy, Respiratory dysfunction

Source Citation

Hanson, C., Bowser, E. K., Frankenfield, D. C., & Piemonte, T. A. (2020). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A 2019 Evidence Analysis Center Evidence-Based Practice Guideline. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2019.12.001

Methodology

Number of Source Documents
103
Literature Search Start Date
January 1, 2001
Literature Search End Date
December 31, 2017