Management of Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia

Publication Date: August 31, 2023
Last Updated: September 1, 2023

Detecting Concurrent Carcinoma

Gynecologists should attempt to exclude concurrent carcinoma in individuals with a working diagnosis of EINAEH. Hysteroscopic examination with further sampling of the endometrium is the most accurate method for detecting a concurrent carcinoma.

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Surgical Management

Hysterectomy is the definitive treatment for EINAEH. Gynecologists should not perform supracervical hysterectomy for the treatment of EINAEH.

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Gynecologists should not perform endometrial ablation (thermal or electrocautery) for EINAEH due to high persistence and recurrence rates, as well as potential difficulty in evaluating future bleeding episodes.

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Nonsurgical Management

Clinicians should recommend progestational agents as treatment for EINAEH for patients in whom hysterectomy is not an option.

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Data on the superiority of either oral or intrauterine progestational agents are lacking, though limited data suggest that intrauterine progestational administration may be associated with a higher rate of disease regression when compared with oral administration alone in patients with EINAEH.

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There is insufficient evidence to recommend any one formulation of oral progestational agent over another.

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Follow-up

For those initially treated with progestational agents, gynecologists should perform repeat histologic assessment for response to treatment for EINAEH within 3–6 months.
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After initial progestin treatment, gynecologists may consider long-term maintenance therapy with progestational agents for patients with continuing risk factors for endometrial cancer.
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Counseling Patients on Lifestyle Modifications

Gynecologists and other clinicians should counsel patients that lifestyle modification resulting in weight loss and glycemic control can improve overall health and may decrease the risk of EINAEH and endometrial cancer.
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Recommendation Grading

Abbreviations

  • AEH: Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia
  • EIN: Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Disclaimer

The information in this patient summary should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health.

Overview

Title

Management of Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia

Authoring Organization

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

Publication Month/Year

August 31, 2023

Last Updated Month/Year

April 1, 2024

Document Type

Consensus

Country of Publication

US

Document Objectives

Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) or atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) often is a precursor lesion to adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Hysterectomy is the definitive treatment for EIN–AEH. When a conservative (fertility-sparing) approach to the management of EIN–AEH is under consideration, it is important to attempt to exclude the presence of endometrial cancer to avoid potential undertreatment of an unknown malignancy in those who have been already diagnosed with EIN–AEH. Given the high risk of progression to cancer, those who do not have surgery require progestin therapy (oral, intrauterine, or combined) and close surveillance. Although data are conflicting and limited, studies have demonstrated that treatment with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device results in a higher regression rate when compared with treatment with oral progestins alone. Limited data suggest that cyclic progestational agents have lower regression rates when compared with continuous oral therapy. After initial conservative treatment for EIN–AEH, early detection of disease persistence, progression, or recurrence requires careful follow-up. Gynecologists and other clinicians should counsel patients that lifestyle modification resulting in weight loss and glycemic control can improve overall health and may decrease the risk of EIN–AEH and endometrial cancer.

Inclusion Criteria

Female, Adult, Older adult

Health Care Settings

Ambulatory, Outpatient, Operating and recovery room

Intended Users

Nurse, nurse practitioner, physician, physician assistant

Scope

Diagnosis, Management

Diseases/Conditions (MeSH)

D016889 - Endometrial Neoplasms, D004714 - Endometrial Hyperplasia

Keywords

Endometrial Hyperplasia, Intraepithelial, EIN, Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Source Citation

Management of Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia: ACOG Clinical Consensus No. 5. Obstetrics & Gynecology 142(3):p 735-744, September 2023. | DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000005297 

Supplemental Methodology Resources

Data Supplement, Evidence Tables

Methodology

Number of Source Documents
64
Literature Search Start Date
September 30, 2021
Literature Search End Date
February 28, 2023