Title

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Adult Patients With Cancer-Related Immunosuppression

Authoring Organizations

American Society of Clinical Oncology

Infectious Diseases Society of America

Publication Month/Year

September 4, 2018

Last Updated Month/Year

October 2, 2024

Document Type

Guideline

External Publication Status

Published

Country of Publication

US

Document Objectives

To provide an updated joint ASCO/Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guideline on antimicrobial prophylaxis for adult patients with immunosuppression associated with cancer and its treatment.

Target Patient Population

Patients receiving treatment of cancer as inpatients or outpatients who are experiencing immune suppression or increased susceptibility to infection.

Target Provider Population

Oncologists, infectious disease specialists, emergency medicine physicians, nurses, and advanced practice providers

PICO Questions

  1. Does antibacterial prophylaxis with a fluoroquinolone, compared with placebo, no intervention, or another class of antibiotic reduce the incidence of and mortality related to FN?

  2. Does antifungal (antiyeast or antimold) prophylaxis with an oral triazole or parenteral echinocandin, compared with no prophylaxis or another treatment option, reduce the incidence of and mortality related to FN?

  3. Is other prophylaxis, eg, antiviral, more effective than placebo/no treatment for higher-risk immunosuppressed patients with cancer?

  4. Are precautions such as neutropenic diet, etc., more effective than no intervention for prophylaxis of infection in afebrile neutropenic outpatients?

Inclusion Criteria

Male, Female, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Older adult

Health Care Settings

Ambulatory, Hospital, Outpatient

Intended Users

Nurse, nurse practitioner, physician, physician assistant

Scope

Management, Prevention

Keywords

cancer, antimicrobial prophylaxis, Cancer-Related Immunosuppression, immunosuppressed patients

Source Citation

DOI: 10.1200/JCO.18.00374 Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 30 (October 20, 2018) 3043-3054.

Supplemental Methodology Resources

Data Supplement, Methodology Supplement

Methodology

Number of Source Documents
74
Literature Search Start Date
May 1, 2011
Literature Search End Date
November 1, 2016
Specialties Involved
Emergency Medicine, Infectious Disease, Oncology